為了(le)(le)克服零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)物流(liu)需(xu)要(yao)等待很長時(shi)間湊齊一整車的貨物，耗費(fei)的時(shi)間比較(jiao)長，嚴(yan)重(zhong)影(ying)響時(shi)效這個缺點，零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)物流(liu)利(li)用公路貨運(yun)(yun)這一靈(ling)活性的運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)方(fang)式開展門(men)對門(men)服務，既有效節省了(le)(le)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)間，又提高了(le)(le)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)效率，讓零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)在物流(liu)市場中(zhong)也占據了(le)(le)重(zhong)要(yao)地位。其(qi)實(shi)零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)流(liu)程與其(qi)他運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)方(fang)式的基(ji)本過程相比，包括寄(ji)送、運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)、貨物交接等具體的過程，并沒有顯著差(cha)異。唯一顯著的區別就是需(xu)要(yao)中(zhong)轉，那么零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)的基(ji)本流(liu)程有哪些呢(ni)？

公(gong)路(lu)零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)運(yun)(yun)輸的(de)(de)(de)基本流程是：營業網(wang)點收(shou)貨(huo)—中(zhong)心庫區集(ji)中(zhong)、分揀(jian)—專線(xian)(xian)方(fang)向配貨(huo)裝(zhuang)車—專線(xian)(xian)運(yun)(yun)輸—到(dao)達(da)各中(zhong)轉(zhuan)站(zhan)—進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步分揀(jian)—保管貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)或二次運(yun)(yun)輸—客戶取貨(huo)或上(shang)門(men)送貨(huo)。1. 托(tuo)運(yun)(yun)。委托(tuo)辦(ban)理零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)運(yun)(yun)輸，需要(yao)(yao)填寫零(ling)(ling)擔(dan)(dan)貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)運(yun)(yun)輸訂單(dan)(dan)(dan)，運(yun)(yun)單(dan)(dan)(dan)必須(xu)填寫清楚，各類(lei)買(mai)的(de)(de)(de)保險都需要(yao)(yao)詳細說明，雙方(fang)同(tong)意后蓋(gai)章生效。2. 承(cheng)運(yun)(yun)。好的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流公(gong)司對符(fu)合(he)運(yun)(yun)輸要(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是不能(neng)拒絕的(de)(de)(de)，基本上(shang)施行(xing)上(shang)門(men)服務，但是要(yao)(yao)收(shou)取上(shang)門(men)提(ti)貨(huo)費。3. 貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)接(jie)。貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)接(jie)過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)步驟應(ying)(ying)嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)付(fu)和交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)貨(huo)程序。始發站(zhan)應(ying)(ying)簽訂交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)接(jie)清單(dan)(dan)(dan)直(zhi)接(jie)中(zhong)轉(zhuan)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)件發貨(huo)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)件貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)一(yi)致。4. 貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)轉(zhuan)。最(zui)好還是盡可能(neng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)直(zhi)接(jie)運(yun)(yun)輸。如果(guo)一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)中(zhong)轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)話，那線(xian)(xian)路(lu)應(ying)(ying)該是合(he)理的(de)(de)(de)，中(zhong)轉(zhuan)站(zhan)優先發運(yun)(yun)中(zhong)轉(zhuan)貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。5. 貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)付(fu)。及(ji)時(shi)發出(chu)到(dao)貨(huo)通(tong)知，收(shou)貨(huo)人憑提(ti)單(dan)(dan)(dan)提(ti)貨(huo)并(bing)在(zai)提(ti)單(dan)(dan)(dan)上(shang)蓋(gai)章。

所謂零擔物(wu)流，是(shi)指貨物(wu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸過程(cheng)中，貨物(wu)托運(yun)(yun)(yun)的貨物(wu)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)或(huo)體(ti)積(ji)不足以裝載一車貨物(wu)的物(wu)流運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸。簡單來(lai)說，就是(shi)當一批(pi)(pi)(pi)貨物(wu)的重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)或(huo)體(ti)積(ji)小(xiao)于(yu)一車時，可與(yu)其他幾批(pi)(pi)(pi)甚至數十批(pi)(pi)(pi)貨物(wu)同(tong)車運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸，稱為零擔貨物(wu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸。